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Interpreting the opening lead

Many inferences can be drawn from the opening lead. Say the lead is a two. The leader has just four cards in the suit led: the two is his fourth highest – and (obviously) his lowest. He is unlikely to have a five-card suit elsewhere or he would have led it; if he turns up with a singleton elsewhere, his likely shape is 4441. If his four-card suit is very poor, his likely shape is 4333 – unless he has a second four-card suit that is even poorer.

Say the lead is an eight. Is it fourth highest? Or high-for-hate? You’ll need to look at your hand and dummy to decide. Apply the Rule of 11 and if you get an impossible answer, it’s high for hate:

(i) A Q 4     (ii) ♣ J 10 5  
8 led ---- E   ♣ 8 led ---- E
  ♦ J 9 3       ♣ K 6 2  

In (i), taking eight from 11, giving just three higher cards than  8 in N, E, S is impossible: you can see four. So  8 is high-for-hate and East holds  K. If you cannot afford to lose the lead, rise with  A.

In (ii), it is possible West is leading fourth highest from  AQ98(x). But if when you try dummy’s  10, East covers with  Q, you know West’s  8 is high for hate and that East also holds  A.

Click to Play this deal

 

South Deals
None Vul
A Q 7
9 6
K 10 9 6 2
K 7 2
8 5 4 3 2
Q 10 4
8 4 3
Q 9
 
N
W   E
S
 
K 9
K J 7 5 3 2
A 5
J 10 4
 
J 10 6
A 8
Q J 7
A 8 6 5 3
West North East South
      1 N
Pass 3 N1 Pass Pass
Pass      
  1.  K109xx is worth more than three points.
3 NT by South
Lead:  8

On our 3 NT deal, West leads the eight of spades. Taking eight from 11 gives an impossible three higher spades in N, E and S (N and S have four). The lead must be high-for- hate. If you finesse, East will win and surely switch to hearts before you have knocked out the ace of diamonds.

Instead rise with dummy’s ace of spades and knock out the ace of diamonds. East wins the second diamond and switches to hearts, you winning the second round. You still have just eight tricks, but look at what happens to East on the fifth diamond:


 
 
 
Q 7
9 (led)
K 7 2
5 4 3
4
Q 9
 
N
W   E
S
 
K
K 7
J 10 4
 
J 10
A 8 6 5

East must throw his penultimate heart to keep his guards in both black suits. Now you can lead a spade knocking out his king and setting up a second trick in that suit, as he has just one heart to cash. Nine tricks and game made.

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